Bypassing Sanctions

How do states circumvent the effect of sanctions? As the US and its allies weaponized the financial and trade infrastructures centered in the West to counter Russia's war against Ukraine and Moscow managed to bypass most sanctions with the help of alternative transnational economic networks, the fields of International Political Economy and International Security begun to pay more attention to cases in which sanctioned states react to the pressures they suffer. The panel contributes to answering that question by bringing together large-N and small-N analyses that cover current and past conflicts.